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Figure 1. Automated image analysis pipeline delineates ordered immune composition in TNBC, using MIBI-TOF. A: Top: Pseudo-coloring of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in a patient with TNBC. Bottom: Expression of 7 markers demonstrating the repertoire of infiltrating immune cells as well as their spatial location, including cell-cell contacts; B: Top: Cartoon depicting 3 archetypes of tumor-immune composition and organization in TNBC. Cold tumors have few immune cells, mainly macrophages. Mixed tumors have an admixture of tumor and immune cells. IDO and PD-L1, if expressed, are expressed primarily on tumor cells and PD-1 on CD8+ T cells. In compartmentalized tumors, the immune and tumor cells are spatially segregated. Neutrophils are enriched near the border, whereas B cells form secondary lymphoid structures further away. IDO and PD-L1 are expressed primarily on immune cells and PD-1 on CD4+ T cells. Bottom: Kaplan-Meier analysis showing survival as a function of time for patients with compartmentalized or mixed tumor-immune organizations. This figure is adapted with permission from Keren et al.^[135]. Copyright 2018 by Elsevier.