fig2

Figure 2. General DNA repair pathways implicated in the elimination of DNA damage from alkylating agents. The blue sections and dotted lines have not yet been described in the literature. The possible base pairs for O⁶meG, 1-meA, and 3-meC are indicated. If cells complete the first round of replication, following a second round of replication, a mutation is fixed in 50% of the cells. If replication is arrested and a second round of replication occurs, a DSB can form. Modeled after Reference^[3]. BER: Base excision repair; NER: nucleotide excision repair; MMR: mismatch repair; DSB: double-strand break; HDR: homology-directed repair; NHEJ: non-homologous end-joining; SSB: single strand break; ATR: ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related; ATRIP: ATR interacting protein; O⁶meG: O⁶methylguanine; 1-meA: 1-methyladenine; 3-meC: 3-methylcytosine.