REFERENCES
1. Housman G, Byler S, Heerboth S, Lapinska K, Longacre M, et al. Drug resistance in cancer: an overview. Cancers (Basel) 2014;6:1769-92.
2. Lage H. An overview of cancer multidrug resistance: a still unsolved problem. Cell Mol Life Sci 2008;65:3145-67.
3. Hu X, Zhang Z. Understanding the Genetic Mechanisms of Cancer Drug Resistance Using Genomic Approaches. Trends Genet 2016;32:127-37.
5. Gottesman MM, Fojo T, Bates SE. Multidrug resistance in cancer: role of ATP-dependent transporters. Nat Rev Cancer 2002;2:48-58.
8. Swanton C. Intratumor heterogeneity: evolution through space and time. Cancer Res 2012;72:4875-82.
9. Taylor ST, Hickman JA, Dive C. Epigenetic determinants of resistance to etoposide regulation of Bcl-X(L) and Bax by tumor microenvironmental factors. J Natl Cancer Inst 2000;92:18-23.
10. Valent P, Bonnet D, De Maria R, Lapidot T, Copland M, et al. Cancer stem cell definitions and terminology: the devil is in the details. Nat Rev Cancer 2012;12:767-75.
11. Lee TI, Young RA. Transcriptional regulation and its misregulation in disease. Cell 2013;152:1237-51.
13. Kohno K, Uchiumi T, Niina I, Wakasugi T, Igarashi T, et al. Transcription factors and drug resistance. Eur J Cancer 2005;41:2577-86.
14. Zou W, Ma X, Yang H, Hua W, Chen B, et al. Hepatitis B X-interacting protein promotes cisplatin resistance and regulates CD147 via Sp1 in ovarian cancer. Exp Biol Med 2017;242:497-504.
15. Uchida Y, Itoh M, Taguchi Y, Yamaoka S, Umehara H, et al. Ceramide Reduction and Transcriptional Up-Regulation of Glucosylceramide Synthase through Doxorubicin-Activated Sp1 in Drug-Resistant HL-60/ADR Cells. Cancer Res 2004;64:6271-9.
16. Mo D, Fang H, Niu K, Liu J, Wu M, et al. Human Helicase RECQL4 Drives Cisplatin Resistance in Gastric Cancer by Activating an AKT-YB1-MDR1 Signaling Pathway. Cancer Res 2016;76:3057-66.
17. Yan XY, Zhang Y, Zhang JJ, Zhang LC, Liu YN, et al. p62/SQSTM1 as an oncotarget mediates cisplatin resistance through activating RIP1-NF-κB pathway in human ovarian cancer cells. Cancer Sci 2017;108:1405-13.
18. Bao L, Wu J, Dodson M, Rojo de la Vega EM, Ning Y, et al. ABCF2, an Nrf2 target gene, contributes to cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cells. Mol Carcinog 2017;56:1543-53.
19. Shibata T, Kokubu A, Gotoh M, Ojima H, Ohta T, et al. Genetic alteration of Keap1 confers constitutive Nrf2 activation and resistance to chemotherapy in gallbladder cancer. Gastroenterology 2008;135:1358-68, 68 e1-4.
20. Jiang T, Chen N, Zhao F, Wang XJ, Kong B, et al. High levels of Nrf2 determine chemoresistance in type II endometrial cancer. Cancer Res 2010;70:5486-96.
21. Ren D, Villeneuve NF, Jiang T, Wu T, Lau A, et al. Brusatol enhances the efficacy of chemotherapy by inhibiting the Nrf2-mediated defense mechanism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011;108:1433-8.
22. Xiang Y, Ye W, Huang C, Yu D, Chen H, et al. Brusatol Enhances the Chemotherapy Efficacy of Gemcitabine in Pancreatic Cancer via the Nrf2 Signalling Pathway. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2018;2018:2360427.
23. Wang XJ, Sun Z, Villeneuve NF, Zhang S, Zhao F, et al. Nrf2 enhances resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs, the dark side of Nrf2. Carcinogenesis 2008;29:1235-43.
24. Tarumoto T, Nagai T, Ohmine K, Miyoshi T, Nakamura M, et al. Ascorbic acid restores sensitivity to imatinib via suppression of Nrf2-dependent gene expression in the imatinib-resistant cell line. Exp Hematol 2004;32:375-81.
25. Kim SK, Yang JW, Kim MR, Roh SH, Kim HG, et al. Increased expression of Nrf2/ARE-dependent anti-oxidant proteins in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2008;45:537-46.
26. Khalil HS, Langdon SP, Goltsov A, Soininen T, Harrison DJ, et al. A novel mechanism of action of HER2 targeted immunotherapy is explained by inhibition of NRF2 function in ovarian cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016;7:75874-901.
27. Kankia IH, Khalil HS, Langdon SP, Moult PR, Bown JL, et al. NRF2 Regulates HER1 Signaling Pathway to Modulate the Sensitivity of Ovarian Cancer Cells to Lapatinib and Erlotinib. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2017;2017:1864578.
28. Park SH, Kim JH, Ko E, Kim JY, Park MJ, et al. Resistance to gefitinib and cross-resistance to irreversible EGFR-TKIs mediated by disruption of the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway in human lung cancer cells. FASEB J 2018; doi: 10.1096/fj.201800011R. [Epub ahead of print]
29. Pei S, Minhajuddin M, D’Alessandro A, Nemkov T, Stevens BM, et al. Rational Design of a Parthenolide-based Drug Regimen That Selectively Eradicates Acute Myelogenous Leukemia Stem Cells. J Biol Chem 2016;291:21984-2000.
30. Nawijn MC, Alendar A, Berns A. For better or for worse: the role of Pim oncogenes in tumorigenesis. Nat Rev Cancer 2011;11:23-34.
31. Li B, Fu J, Chen P, Ge X, Li Y, et al. The Nuclear Factor (Erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 and Proteasome Maturation Protein Axis Mediate Bortezomib Resistance in Multiple Myeloma. J Biol Chem 2015;290:29854-68.
32. Shiozawa K, Oka M, Soda H, Yoshikawa M, Ikegami Y, et al. Reversal of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2)-mediated drug resistance by novobiocin, a coumermycin antibiotic. Int J Cancer 2004;108:146-51.
33. Robey RW, Medina-Perez WY, Nishiyama K, Lahusen T, Miyake K, et al. Overexpression of the ATP-binding cassette half-transporter, ABCG2 (Mxr/BCrp/ABCP1), in flavopiridol-resistant human breast cancer cells. Clin Cancer Res 2001;7:145-52.
34. Nagashima S, Soda H, Oka M, Kitazaki T, Shiozawa K, et al. BCRP/ABCG2 levels account for the resistance to topoisomerase I inhibitors and reversal effects by gefitinib in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2006;58:594-600.
35. Bai X, Chen Y, Hou X, Huang M, Jin J. Emerging role of NRF2 in chemoresistance by regulating drug-metabolizing enzymes and efflux transporters. Drug Metab Rev 2016;48:541-67.
36. Chen F, Zhuang M, Zhong C, Peng J, Wang X, et al. Baicalein reverses hypoxia-induced 5-FU resistance in gastric cancer AGS cells through suppression of glycolysis and the PTEN/Akt/HIF-1alpha signaling pathway. Oncol Rep 2015;33:457-63.
37. Leone A, Roca MS, Ciardiello C, Terranova-Barberio M, Vitagliano C, et al. Vorinostat synergizes with EGFR inhibitors in NSCLC cells by increasing ROS via up-regulation of the major mitochondrial porin VDAC1 and modulation of the c-Myc-NRF2-KEAP1 pathway. Free Radical Bio Med 2015;89:287-99.
38. Li M, Wu X, Liu N, Li X, Meng F, et al. Silencing of ATF2 inhibits growth of pancreatic cancer cells and enhances sensitivity to chemotherapy. Cell Biol Int 2017;41:599-610.
39. Wakasugi T, Izumi H, Uchiumi T, Suzuki H, Arao T, et al. ZNF143 interacts with p73 and is involved in cisplatin resistance through the transcriptional regulation of DNA repair genes. Oncogene 2007;26:5194.
40. Mohler J, Mahaffey JW, Deutsch E, Vani K. Control of Drosophila head segment identity by the bZIP homeotic gene cnc. Development 1995;121:237-47.
41. Chan JY, Han XL, Kan YW. Isolation of cDNA encoding the human NF-E2 protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1993;90:11366-70.
42. Chan JY, Han XL, Kan YW. Cloning of Nrf1, an NF-E2-related transcription factor, by genetic selection in yeast. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1993;90:11371-5.
43. Moi P, Chan K, Asunis I, Cao A, Kan YW. Isolation of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a NF-E2-like basic leucine zipper transcriptional activator that binds to the tandem NF-E2/AP1 repeat of the beta-globin locus control region. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1994;91:9926-30.
44. Itoh K, Igarashi K, Hayashi N, Nishizawa M, Yamamoto M. Cloning and characterization of a novel erythroid cell-derived CNC family transcription factor heterodimerizing with the small Maf family proteins. Mol Cell Biol 1995;15:4184-93.
45. Kobayashi A, Ito E, Toki T, Kogame K, Takahashi S, et al. Molecular cloning and functional characterization of a new Cap’n’collar family transcription factor Nrf3. J Biol Chem 1999;274:6443-52.
46. Oyake T, Itoh K, Motohashi H, Hayashi N, Hoshino H, et al. Bach proteins belong to a novel family of BTB-basic leucine zipper transcription factors that interact with MafK and regulate transcription through the NF-E2 site. Mol Cell Biol 1996;16:6083-95.
47. Muto A, Hoshino H, Madisen L, Yanai N, Obinata M, et al. Identification of Bach2 as a B-cell-specific partner for small Maf proteins that negatively regulate the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene 3ʹ enhancer. EMBO J 1998;17:5734-43.
48. Igarashi K, Kataokat K, Itoh K, Hayashi N, Nishizawa M, et al. Regulation of transcription by dimerization of erythroid factor NF-E2 p45 with small Maf proteins. Nature 1994;367:568-72.
49. Igarashi K, Hoshino H, Muto A, Suwabe N, Nishikawa S, et al. Multivalent DNA binding complex generated by small Maf and Bach1 as a possible biochemical basis for β-globin locus control region complex. J Biol Chem 1998;273:11783-90.
50. Itoh K. An Nrf2/small Maf heterodimer mediates the induction of Phase II detoxifying enzyme genes through antioxidant response elements. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1997;236:313-22.
51. Hayes JD, Ebisine K, Sharma RS, Chowdhry S, Dinkova-Kostova AT, et al. Regulation of the CNC-bZIP transcription factor Nrf2 by Keap1 and the axis between GSK-3 and β-TrCP. Curr Opin Toxicolog 2016;1:92-103.
52. O’Mealey GB, Berry WL, Plafker SM. Sulforaphane is a Nrf2-independent inhibitor of mitochondrial fission. Redox Biology 2017;11:103-10.
53. Ahmed SMU, Luo L, Namani A, Wang XJ, Tang X. Nrf2 signaling pathway: Pivotal roles in inflammation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017;1863:585-97.
54. Namani A, Li Y, Wang XJ, Tang X. Modulation of NRF2 signaling pathway by nuclear receptors: Implications for cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta 2014;1843:1875-85.
55. Wang XJ, Hayes JD, Henderson CJ, Wolf CR. Identification of retinoic acid as an inhibitor of transcription factor Nrf2 through activation of retinoic acid receptor alpha. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007;104:19589-94.
56. Hayes AJ, Skouras C, Haugk B, Charnley RM. Keap1-Nrf2 signalling in pancreatic cancer. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2015;65:288-99.
57. Hayes JD, Dinkova-Kostova AT. The Nrf2 regulatory network provides an interface between redox and intermediary metabolism. Trends Biochem Sci 2014;39:199-218.
58. McMahon M, Campbell KH, MacLeod AK, McLaughlin LA, Henderson CJ, et al. HDAC Inhibitors Increase NRF2-Signaling in Tumour Cells and Blunt the Efficacy of Co-Adminstered Cytotoxic Agents. PLoS ONE 2014;9:e114055.
59. Hayes JD, McMahon M, Chowdhry S, Dinkova-Kostova AT. Cancer chemoprevention mechanisms mediated through the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway. Antioxid Redox Signal 2010;13:1713-48.
60. Krajka-Kuźniak V, Paluszczak J, Baer-Dubowska W. The Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway: An update on its regulation and possible role in cancer prevention and treatment. Pharmacol Rep 2017;69:393-402.
61. Huang HC, Nguyen T, Pickett CB. Regulation of the antioxidant response element by protein kinase C-mediated phosphorylation of NF-E2-related factor 2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000;97:12475-80.
62. Nguyen T, Sherratt PJ, Huang HC, Yang CS, Pickett CB. Increased protein stability as a mechanism that enhances Nrf2-mediated transcriptional activation of the antioxidant response element Degradation of Nrf2 by the 26 S proteasome. J Biol Chem 2003;278:4536-41.
64. Hayes John D, Ashford Michael LJ. Nrf2 Orchestrates Fuel Partitioning for Cell Proliferation. Cell Metab 2012;16:139-41.
65. Hayes JD. The Nrf2 transcription factor contributes both to the basal expression of glutathione S-transferases in mouse liver and to their induction by the chemopreventive synthetic antioxidants, butylated hydroxyanisole and ethoxyquin. Biochem Soc Trans 2000;28:33-41.
66. Krajka-Kuźniak V, Paluszczak J, Baer-Dubowska W. The Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway: an update on its regulation and possible role in cancer prevention and treatment. Pharmacol Rep 2016; doi: 10.1016/j.pharep.2016.12.011.
67. Xiang M, Namani A, Wu S, Wang X. Nrf2: bane or blessing in cancer? J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2014;140:1251-9.
68. Cullinan SB, Diehl JA. PERK-dependent activation of Nrf2 contributes to redox homeostasis and cell survival following endoplasmic reticulum stress. J Biol Chem 2004;279:20108-17.
69. Lewis KN, Mele J, Hayes JD, Buffenstein R. Nrf2, a guardian of healthspan and gatekeeper of species longevity. Integr Comp Biol 2010;50:829-43.
70. Bruns DR, Drake JC, Biela LM, Peelor FF, Miller BF, et al. Nrf2 Signaling and the Slowed Aging Phenotype: Evidence from Long-Lived Models. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2015;2015:732596.
71. Singh SP, Niemczyk M, Saini D, Sadovov V, Zimniak L, et al. Disruption of the mGsta4 gene increases life span of C57BL mice. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2010;65:14-23.
72. Sykiotis GP, Bohmann D. Keap1/Nrf2 signaling regulates oxidative stress tolerance and lifespan in Drosophila. Dev Cell 2008;14:76-85.
73. Praslicka BJ, Kerins MJ, Ooi A. The complex role of NRF2 in cancer: A genomic view. Curr Opin Toxicolog 2016;1:37-45.
74. Ramos-Gomez M, Kwak MK, Dolan PM, Itoh K, Yamamoto M, et al. Sensitivity to carcinogenesis is increased and chemoprotective efficacy of enzyme inducers is lost in nrf2 transcription factor-deficient mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001;98:3410-5.
75. Pearson KJ, Lewis KN, Price NL, Chang JW, Perez E, et al. Nrf2 mediates cancer protection but not prolongevity induced by caloric restriction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008;105:2325-30.
76. Padmanabhan B, Tong KI, Ohta T, Nakamura Y, Scharlock M, et al. Structural Basis for Defects of Keap1 Activity Provoked by Its Point Mutations in Lung Cancer. Mol Cell 2006;21:689-700.
77. Singh A. Dysfunctional KEAP1-NRF2 interaction in non-small-cell lung cancer. PLoS Med 2006;3:e420.
78. Solis LM, Behrens C, Dong W, Suraokar M, Ozburn NC, et al. Nrf2 and Keap1 Abnormalities in Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma and Association with Clinicopathologic Features. Clin Cancer Res 2010;16:3743-53.
79. Lignitto L, LeBoeuf SE, Homer H, Jiang S, Askenazi M, et al. Nrf2 Activation Promotes Lung Cancer Metastasis by Inhibiting the Degradation of Bach1. Cell 2019;178:316-29e18.
80. Wu J, Wang H, Tang X. Rexinoid inhibits Nrf2-mediated transcription through retinoid X receptor alpha. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014;452:554-9.
81. Chorley BN, Campbell MR, Wang X, Karaca M, Sambandan D, et al. Identification of novel NRF2-regulated genes by ChIP-Seq: influence on retinoid X receptor alpha. Nucleic Acids Res 2012;40:7416-29.
82. Khalil HS, Langdon SP, Kankia IH, Bown J, Deeni YY. NRF2 Regulates HER2 and HER3 Signaling Pathway to Modulate Sensitivity to Targeted Immunotherapies. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2016; doi: 10.1155/2016/4148791.
83. Khalil H, Deeni Y. NRF2 inhibition causes repression of ATM and ATR expression leading to aberrant DNA Damage Response. BioDiscovery 2015;15:1.
84. Khalil HS, Langdon SP, Goltsov A, Soininen T, Harrison DJ, et al. A novel mechanism of action of HER2 targeted immunotherapy is explained by inhibition of NRF2 function in ovarian cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016;7:75874-901.
85. Hayes JD, McMahon M. NRF2 and KEAP1 mutations: permanent activation of an adaptive response in cancer. Trends Biochem Sci 2009;34:176-88.
86. Yen WC, Corpuz MR, Prudente RY, Cooke TA, Bissonnette RP, et al. A Selective Retinoid X Receptor Agonist Bexarotene (Targretin) Prevents and Overcomes Acquired Paclitaxel (Taxol) Resistance in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2004;10:8656-64.
87. Yen WC, Prudente RY, Lamph WW. Synergistic effect of a retinoid X receptor-selective ligand bexarotene (LGD1069, Targretin) and paclitaxel (Taxol) in mammary carcinoma. Breast Cancer Res Tr 2004;88:141-8.
88. Yen WC, Lamph WW. A selective retinoid X receptor agonist bexarotene (LGD1069, Targretin) prevents and overcomes multidrug resistance in advanced prostate cancer. Prostate 2006;66:305-16.
89. Olayanju A, Copple IM, Bryan HK, Edge GT, Sison RL, et al. Brusatol provokes a rapid and transient inhibition of Nrf2 signaling and sensitizes mammalian cells to chemical toxicity—implications for therapeutic targeting of Nrf2. Free Radical Bio Med 2015;78:202-12.
90. Ren D, Villeneuve NF, Jiang T, Wu T, Lau A, et al. Brusatol enhances the efficacy of chemotherapy by inhibiting the Nrf2-mediated defense mechanism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011;108:1433-8.
91. Chian S, Thapa R, Chi Z, Wang XJ, Tang X. Luteolin inhibits the Nrf2 signaling pathway and tumor growth in vivo. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014;447:602-8.
92. Tang X, Wang H, Fan L, Wu X, Xin A, et al. Luteolin inhibits Nrf2 leading to negative regulation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway and sensitization of human lung carcinoma A549 cells to therapeutic drugs. Free Radical Bio Med 2011;50:1599-609.
93. Gao AM, Ke ZP, Shi F, Sun GC, Chen H. Chrysin enhances sensitivity of BEL-7402/ADM cells to doxorubicin by suppressing PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 and ERK/Nrf2 pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2013;206:100-8.
94. Gao AM, Ke ZP, Wang JN, Yang JY, Chen SY, et al. Apigenin sensitizes doxorubicin-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma BEL-7402/ADM cells to doxorubicin via inhibiting PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway. Carcinogenesis 2013;34:1806-14.
96. Na HK, Kim EH, Jung JH, Lee HH, Hyun JW, et al. (−)-Epigallocatechin gallate induces Nrf2-mediated antioxidant enzyme expression via activation of PI3K and ERK in human mammary epithelial cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2008;476:171-7.
97. Kim SK, Yang JW, Kim MR, Roh SH, Kim HG, et al. Increased expression of Nrf2/ARE-dependent anti-oxidant proteins in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells. Free Radical Bio Med 2008;45:537-46.
98. Li W, Yu S, Liu T, Kim JH, Blank V, et al. Heterodimerization with small Maf proteins enhances nuclear retention of Nrf2 via masking the NESzip motif. Biochim Biophys Acta 2008;1783:1847-56.
99. Kim SJ, Kim JM, Shim SH, Chang HI. Anthocyanins accelerate the healing of naproxen-induced gastric ulcer in rats by activating antioxidant enzymes via modulation of Nrf2. J Funct Foods 2014;7:569-79.
100. Kim I, He YY. Ultraviolet radiation-induced non-melanoma skin cancer: Regulation of DNA damage repair and inflammation. Genes Dis 2014;1:188-98.
101. Thimmulappa RK, Mai KH, Srisuma S, Kensler TW, Yamamoto M, et al. Identification of Nrf2-regulated genes induced by the chemopreventive agent sulforaphane by oligonucleotide microarray. Cancer Res 2002;62:5196-203.
102. Kwak MK, Itoh K, Yamamoto M, Kensler TW. Enhanced expression of the transcription factor Nrf2 by cancer chemopreventive agents: role of antioxidant response element-like sequences in the nrf2 promoter. Mol Cell Biol 2002;22:2883-92.
103. Lee JS, Surh YJ. Nrf2 as a novel molecular target for chemoprevention. Cancer lett 2005;224:171-84.
105. Kensler TW, Wakabayashi N. Nrf2: friend or foe for chemoprevention? Carcinogenesis 2010;31:90-9.
106. Sarkar FH. .
107. Ahn YH, Hwang Y, Liu H, Wang XJ, Zhang Y, et al. Electrophilic tuning of the chemoprotective natural product sulforaphane. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010;107:9590-5.
108. Talalay P, Fahey JW, Healy ZR, Wehage SL, Benedict AL, et al. Sulforaphane mobilizes cellular defenses that protect skin against damage by UV radiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007;104:17500-5.
109. Dietz BM, Kang YH, Liu G, Eggler AL, Yao P, et al. Xanthohumol isolated from Humulus lupulus inhibits menadione-induced DNA damage through induction of quinone reductase. Chem Res Toxicol 2005;18:1296-305.
110. Lee IS, Lim J, Gal J, Kang JC, Kim HJ, et al. Anti-inflammatory activity of xanthohumol involves heme oxygenase-1 induction via NRF2-ARE signaling in microglial BV2 cells. Neurochem Int 2011;58:153-60.
111. Balogun E, Hoque M, Pengfei G, Killeen E, Green CJ, et al. Curcumin activates the haem oxygenase-1 gene via regulation of Nrf2 and the antioxidant-responsive element. Biochem J 2003;371:887-95.
112. Farombi EO, Shrotriya S, Na HK, Kim SH, Surh YJ. Curcumin attenuates dimethylnitrosamine-induced liver injury in rats through Nrf2-mediated induction of heme oxygenase-1. Food Chem Toxicol 2008;46:1279-87.
113. Rushworth SA, Ogborne RM, Charalambos CA, O’Connell MA. Role of protein kinase C δ in curcumin-induced antioxidant response element-mediated gene expression in human monocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006;341:1007-16.
114. Clarke JD, Dashwood RH, Ho E. Multi-targeted prevention of cancer by sulforaphane. Cancer lett 2008;269:291-304.
115. Iida K. Nrf2 is essential for the chemopreventive efficacy of oltipraz against urinary bladder carcinogenesis. Cancer Res 2004;64:6424-31.
116. Stefanson AL, Bakovic M. Dietary regulation of Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway: focus on plant-derived compounds and trace minerals. Nutrients 2014;6:3777-801.
117. Jones RM, Desai C, Darby TM, Luo L, Wolfarth AA, et al. Lactobacilli Modulate Epithelial Cytoprotection through the Nrf2 Pathway. Cell Rep 2015;12:1217-25.
118. Hamada T, Nowak JA, Milner DA, Song M, Ogino S. Integration of microbiology, molecular pathology, and epidemiology: a new paradigm to explore the pathogenesis of microbiome-driven neoplasms. J Pathol 2019;247:615-28.
119. Shuji O, Jonathan AN, Tsuyoshi H, Danny AM, Reiko N. Insights into Pathogenic Interactions Among Environment, Host, and Tumor at the Crossroads of Molecular Pathology and Epidemiology. Annu Rev Pathol-Mech 2019;14:83-103.
120. Kwak MK, Wakabayashi N, Itoh K, Motohashi H, Yamamoto M, et al. Modulation of gene expression by cancer chemopreventive dithiolethiones through the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway Identification of novel gene clusters for cell survival. J Biol Chem 2003;278:8135-45.
121. Cho JM, Manandhar S, Lee HR, Park HM, Kwak MK. Role of the Nrf2-antioxidant system in cytotoxicity mediated by anticancer cisplatin: Implication to cancer cell resistance. Cancer Lett 2008;260:96-108.
122. Wang XJ. Nrf2 enhances resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs, the dark side of Nrf2. Carcinogenesis 2008;29:1235-43.
123. Goldstein Leonard D, Lee J, Gnad F, Klijn C, Schaub A, et al. Recurrent Loss of NFE2L2 Exon 2 Is a Mechanism for Nrf2 Pathway Activation in Human Cancers. Cell Rep 2016;16:2605-17.
124. Wu Q, Yao B, Li N, Ma L, Deng Y, et al. Nrf2 mediates redox adaptation in NOX4-overexpressed non-small cell lung cancer cells. Exp Cell Res 2017;352:245-54.
125. Tsuchida K, Tsujita T, Hayashi M, Ojima A, Keleku-Lukwete N, et al. Halofuginone enhances the chemo-sensitivity of cancer cells by suppressing NRF2 accumulation. Free Radical Bio Med 2017;103:236-47.
126. Kim SK, Kim H, Lee DH, Kim TS, Kim T, et al. Reversing the intractable nature of pancreatic cancer by selectively targeting ALDH-high, therapy-resistant cancer cells. PLoS One 2013;8:e78130.
127. Sporn MB, Liby KT. NRF2 and cancer: the good, the bad and the importance of context. Nat Rev Cancer 2012;12:564-71.
128. Ryoo IG, Ha H, Kwak MK. Inhibitory role of the KEAP1-NRF2 pathway in TGFβ1-stimulated renal epithelial transition to fibroblastic cells: a modulatory effect on SMAD signaling. PloS one 2014;9:e93265.
129. Ooi A, Wong JC, Petillo D, Roossien D, Perrier-Trudova V, et al. An Antioxidant Response Phenotype Shared between Hereditary and Sporadic Type 2 Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Cell 2011;20:511-23.
130. DeNicola GM, Chen PH, Mullarky E, Sudderth JA, Hu Z, et al. NRF2 regulates serine biosynthesis in non-small cell lung cancer. Nat Genet 2015;47:1475-81.
131. Ishikawa T. Genetic polymorphism in the NRF2 gene as a prognosis marker for cancer chemotherapy. Front Genet 2014;5:383.
132. Hartikainen JM, Tengström M, Kosma VM, Kinnula VL, Mannermaa A, et al. Genetic Polymorphisms and Protein Expression of NRF2 and Sulfiredoxin Predict Survival Outcomes in Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2012;72:5537-46.
133. Cho HY, Jedlicka AE, Gladwell W, Marzec J, McCaw ZR, et al. Association of Nrf2 polymorphism haplotypes with acute lung injury phenotypes in inbred strains of mice. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015;22:325-38.
134. Ge W, Zhao K, Wang X, Li H, Yu M, et al. iASPP Is an Antioxidative Factor and Drives Cancer Growth and Drug Resistance by Competing with Nrf2 for Keap1 Binding. Cancer Cell 2017;32:561-73.e6.
135. Lau A, Wang XJ, Zhao F, Villeneuve NF, Wu T, et al. A noncanonical mechanism of Nrf2 activation by autophagy deficiency: direct interaction between Keap1 and p62. Mol Cell Biol 2010;30:3275-85.
136. Chen W, Sun Z, Wang XJ, Jiang T, Huang Z, et al. Direct interaction between Nrf2 and p21(Cip1/WAF1) upregulates the Nrf2-mediated antioxidant response. Mol Cell 2009;34:663-73.
137. Wang B, Zhu X, Kim Y, Li J, Huang S, et al. Histone deacetylase inhibition activates transcription factor Nrf2 and protects against cerebral ischemic damage. Free RadicaL Bio Med 2012;52:928-36.
138. Ji L, Li H, Gao P, Shang G, Zhang DD, et al. Nrf2 pathway regulates multidrug-resistance-associated protein 1 in small cell lung cancer. PLoS One 2013;8:e63404.
139. Dinkova-Kostova AT, Talalay P. NAD(P)H:quinone acceptor oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), a multifunctional antioxidant enzyme and exceptionally versatile cytoprotector. Arch Biochem Biophys 2010;501:116-23.
140. Zhong Y, Zhang F, Sun Z, Zhou W, Li ZY, et al. Drug resistance associates with activation of Nrf2 in MCF-7/DOX cells, and wogonin reverses it by down-regulating Nrf2-mediated cellular defense response. Mol Carcinogen 2013;52:824-34.
141. Hou X, Bai X, Gou X, Zeng H, Xia C, et al. 3’,4’,5’,5,7-pentamethoxyflavone sensitizes Cisplatin-resistant A549 cells to Cisplatin by inhibition of Nrf2 pathway. Mol Cells 2015;38:396-401.
142. Duong HQ, Yi YW, Kang HJ, Hong YB, Tang W, et al. Inhibition of NRF2 by PIK-75 augments sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine. Int J Oncol 2013;44:959-69.
143. Chian S, Li YY, Wang XJ, Tang XW. Luteolin sensitizes two oxaliplatin-resistant colorectal cancer cell lines to chemotherapeutic drugs via inhibition of the Nrf2 pathway. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014;15:2911-6.
144. Beall HD, Winski SI. Mechanisms of action of quinone-containing alkylating agents. I: NQO1-directed drug development. Front Biosci 2000;5:D639-48.
145. Zhu Z, Mu Y, Qi C, Wang J, Xi G, et al. CYP1B1 enhances the resistance of epithelial ovarian cancer cells to paclitaxel in vivo and in vitro. Int J Mol Med 2015;35:340-8.
146. Rochat B, Morsman JM, Murray GI, Figg WD, McLeod HL. Human CYP1B1 and Anticancer Agent Metabolism: Mechanism for Tumor-Specific Drug Inactivation? J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2001;296:537-41.
147. Nebert DW, Wikvall K, Miller WL. Human cytochromes P450 in health and disease. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2013;368:20120431.
148. McFadyen MCE, McLeod HL, Jackson FC, Melvin WT, Doehmer J, et al. Cytochrome P450 CYP1B1 protein expression:: A novel mechanism of anticancer drug resistance11Abbreviations: CYP, cytochrome P450; ANF, alpha-naphthoflavone; MTT, 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; and 5-FU, 5-fluorouracil. Biochem Pharmacol 2001;62:207-12.
149. Ax W, Soldan M, Koch L, Maser E. Development of daunorubicin resistance in tumour cells by induction of carbonyl reduction. Biochem Pharmacol 2000;59:293-300.
150. Gonzalez B, Akman S, Doroshow J, Rivera H, Kaplan WD, et al. Protection against Daunorubicin Cytotoxicity by Expression of a Cloned Human Carbonyl Reductase cDNA in K562 Leukemia Cells. Cancer Res 1995;55:4646-50.
151. Ikeda R, Vermeulen LC, Lau E, Jiang Z, Sachidanandam K, et al. Isolation and characterization of gemcitabine-resistant human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells. Int J Oncol 2011;38:513-9.
152. Matsunaga T, Yamane Y, Iida K, Endo S, Banno Y, et al. Involvement of the aldo-keto reductase, AKR1B10, in mitomycin-c resistance through reactive oxygen species-dependent mechanisms. Anticancer Drugs 2011;22:402-8.
153. Hayes JD, Flanagan JU, Jowsey IR. Glutathione transferases. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2005;45:51-88.
154. Noda E, Maeda K, Inoue T, Fukunaga S, Nagahara H, et al. Predictive value of expression of ERCC 1 and GST-p for 5-fluorouracil/oxaliplatin chemotherapy in advanced colorectal cancer. Hepatogastroenterology 2012;59:130-3.
155. Romero-Lorca A, Novillo A, Gaibar M, Bandres F, Fernandez-Santander A. Impacts of the Glucuronidase Genotypes UGT1A4, UGT2B7, UGT2B15 and UGT2B17 on Tamoxifen Metabolism in Breast Cancer Patients. PLoS One 2015;10:e0132269.
156. Scotlandi K, Remondini D, Castellani G, Manara MC, Nardi F, et al. Overcoming resistance to conventional drugs in Ewing sarcoma and identification of molecular predictors of outcome. J Clin Oncol 2009;27:2209-16.
157. Bachas S, Eginton C, Gunio D, Wade H. Structural contributions to multidrug recognition in the multidrug resistance (MDR) gene regulator, BmrR. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011;108:11046-51.
158. Singh A, Wu H, Zhang P, Happel C, Ma J, et al. Expression of ABCG2 (BCRP) is regulated by Nrf2 in cancer cells that confers side population and chemoresistance phenotype. Mol Cancer Ther 2010;9:2365-76.
159. Stockel B, Konig J, Nies AT, Cui Y, Brom M, et al. Characterization of the 5’-flanking region of the human multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2) gene and its regulation in comparison withthe multidrug resistance protein 3 (MRP3) gene. Eur J Biochem 2000;267:1347-58.
160. Xu S, Weerachayaphorn J, Cai SY, Soroka CJ, Boyer JL. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor and NF-E2-related factor 2 are key regulators of human MRP4 expression. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2010;299:G126-35.
161. Shim GS, Manandhar S, Shin DH, Kim TH, Kwak MK. Acquisition of doxorubicin resistance in ovarian carcinoma cells accompanies activation of the NRF2 pathway. Free Radical Bio Med 2009;47:1619-31.
162. Young LC, Campling BG, Cole SPC, Deeley RG, Gerlach JH. Multidrug Resistance Proteins MRP3, MRP1, and MRP2 in Lung Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2001;7:1798-804.
163. Halon A, Materna V, Donizy P, Matkowski R, Rabczynski J, et al. MRP2 (ABCC2, cMOAT) expression in nuclear envelope of primary fallopian tube cancer cells is a new unfavorable prognostic factor. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2013;287:563-70.
164. Materna V, Liedert B, Thomale J, Lage H. Protection of platinum-DNA adduct formation and reversal of cisplatin resistance by anti-MRP2 hammerhead ribozymes in human cancer cells. Int J Cancer 2005;115:393-402.
165. Choi HK, Yang JW, Roh SH, Han CY, Kang KW. Induction of multidrug resistance associated protein 2 in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells. Endocr Relat Cancer 2007;14:293-303.
166. Zhang YH, Wu Q, Xiao XY, Li DW, Wang XP. Silencing MRP4 by small interfering RNA reverses acquired DDP resistance of gastric cancer cell. Cancer Lett 2010;291:76-82.
167. Zhang L, Fang CH, Fan YF. [Detection of multidrug resistance-associated proteins MRP2, MRP3, and MRP5 mRNA expressions in hepatocarcinoma cells using SYBR real-time PCR]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2008;28:219-21.
168. Gao AM, Ke ZP, Wang JN, Yang JY, Chen SY, et al. Apigenin sensitizes doxorubicin-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma BEL-7402/ADM cells to doxorubicin via inhibiting PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway. Carcinogenesis 2013;34:1806-14.
169. Nakanishi T. Drug transporters as targets for cancer chemotherapy. Cancer Genom Proteom 2007;4:241-54.
170. Huang Y, Sadée W. Membrane transporters and channels in chemoresistance and -sensitivity of tumor cells. Cancer Lett 2006;239:168-82.
171. Esteras N, Dinkova-Kostova Albena T, Abramov Andrey Y. Nrf2 activation in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases: a focus on its role in mitochondrial bioenergetics and function. In. Biological Chemistry; 2016:383. (ISBN No. 14316730)
172. Januchowski R, Zawierucha P, Andrzejewska M, Rucinski M, Zabel M. Microarray-based detection and expression analysis of ABC and SLC transporters in drug-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines. Biomed Pharmacother 2013;67:240-5.
173. Okuno S, Sato H, Kuriyama-Matsumura K, Tamba M, Wang H, et al. Role of cystine transport in intracellular glutathione level and cisplatin resistance in human ovarian cancer cell lines. Br J Cancer 2003;88:951-6.
174. Yin Y, Liu Q, Wang B, Chen G, Xu L, et al. Expression and function of heme oxygenase-1 in human gastric cancer. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2012;237:362-71.
175. Jeon WK, Hong HY, Seo WC, Lim KH, Lee HY, et al. Smad7 sensitizes A549 lung cancer cells to cisplatin-induced apoptosis through heme oxygenase-1 inhibition. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012;420:288-92.
176. Heasman SA, Zaitseva L, Bowles KM, Rushworth SA, Macewan DJ. Protection of acute myeloid leukaemia cells from apoptosis induced by front-line chemotherapeutics is mediated by haem oxygenase-1. Oncotarget 2011;2:658-68.
177. Nagai T, Kikuchi S, Ohmine K, Miyoshi T, Nakamura M, et al. Hemin reduces cellular sensitivity to imatinib and anthracyclins via Nrf2. J Cell Biochem 2008;104:680-91.
178. Basta PV, Bensen JT, Tse CK, Perou CM, Sullivan PF, et al. Genetic variation in Transaldolase 1 and risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Cancer Detect Prev 2008;32:200-8.
179. Cui Y, Nadiminty N, Liu C, Lou W, Schwartz CT, et al. Upregulation of glucose metabolism by NF-kappaB2/p52 mediates enzalutamide resistance in castration-resistant prostate cancer cells. Endocr Relat Cancer 2014;21:435-42.
180. Wang Z, Liang S, Lian X, Liu L, Zhao S, et al. Identification of proteins responsible for adriamycin resistance in breast cancer cells using proteomics analysis. Sci Rep 2015;5:9301.
181. Zhang M, Chai YD, Brumbaugh J, Liu X, Rabii R, et al. Oral cancer cells may rewire alternative metabolic pathways to survive from siRNA silencing of metabolic enzymes. BMC Cancer 2014;14:223.
182. Chen Z, Ye X, Tang N, Shen S, Li Z, et al. The histone acetylranseferase hMOF acetylates Nrf2 and regulates anti-drug responses in human non-small cell lung cancer. Br J Pharmacol 2014;171:3196-211.
183. Shah NM, Rushworth SA, Murray MY, Bowles KM, MacEwan DJ. Understanding the role of NRF2-regulated miRNAs in human malignancies. Oncotarget 2013;4:1130-42.
184. Ceppi P, Mudduluru G, Kumarswamy R, Rapa I, Scagliotti GV, et al. Loss of miR-200c expression induces an aggressive, invasive, and chemoresistant phenotype in non-small cell lung cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2010;8:1207-16.
185. Cochrane DR, Howe EN, Spoelstra NS, Richer JK. Loss of miR-200c: A Marker of Aggressiveness and Chemoresistance in Female Reproductive Cancers. J Oncol 2010;2010:821717.
186. Liu S, Tetzlaff MT, Cui R, Xu X. miR-200c inhibits melanoma progression and drug resistance through down-regulation of BMI-1. Am J Pathol 2012;181:1823-35.
187. Lister A, Nedjadi T, Kitteringham NR, Campbell F, Costello E, et al. Nrf2 is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer: implications for cell proliferation and therapy. Mol cancer 2011;10:37.
188. Khalil HS, Goltsov A, Langdon SP, Harrison DJ, Bown J, et al. Quantitative analysis of NRF2 pathway reveals key elements of the regulatory circuits underlying antioxidant response and proliferation of ovarian cancer cells. J Biotechnol 2015;202:12-30.
189. Kweon MH, Adhami VM, Lee JS, Mukhtar H. Constitutive overexpression of Nrf2-dependent heme oxygenase-1 in A549 cells contributes to resistance to apoptosis induced by epigallocatechin 3-gallate. J Biol Chem 2006;281:33761-72.
190. Jiang T. High levels of Nrf2 determine chemoresistance in type II endometrial cancer. Cancer Res 2010;70:5486-96.
191. Stacy DR, Ely K, Massion PP, Yarbrough WG, Hallahan DE, et al. Increased expression of nuclear factor E2 p45□related factor 2 (NRF2) in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Head Neck 2006;28:813-8.
192. Kim YS, Lee HL, Lee KB, Park JH, Chung WY, et al. Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 dependent overexpression of sulfiredoxin and peroxiredoxin III in human lung cancer. Korean J Intern Med 2011;26:304-13.
193. Ohta T, Iijima K, Miyamoto M, Nakahara I, Tanaka H, et al. Loss of Keap1 function activates Nrf2 and provides advantages for lung cancer cell growth. Cancer Res 2008;68:1303-9.
194. Shibata T, Ohta T, Tong KI, Kokubu A, Odogawa R, et al. Cancer related mutations in NRF2 impair its recognition by Keap1-Cul3 E3 ligase and promote malignancy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008;105:13568-73.
195. Pandey P, Singh AK, Singh M, Tewari M, Shukla HS, et al. The see-saw of Keap1-Nrf2 pathway in Cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2017;116:89-98.
196. No JH, Kim YB, Song YS. Targeting Nrf2 Signaling to Combat Chemoresistance. J Cancer 2014;19:111-7.
197. Petroski MD, Deshaies RJ. Function and regulation of cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2005;6:9-20.
198. Skaar JR, Pagan JK, Pagano M. Mechanisms and function of substrate recruitment by F-box proteins. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2013;14:369-81.
199. Chen HY, Chen RH. Cullin 3 Ubiquitin Ligases in Cancer Biology: Functions and Therapeutic Implications. Front Oncol 2016;6:113.
200. Skaar JR, Pagan JK, Pagano M. SCF ubiquitin ligase-targeted therapies. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2014;13:889-903.
201. Huang C, Li M, Chen C, Yao Q. Small interfering RNA therapy in cancer: mechanism, potential targets, and clinical applications. Expert Opin Ther Tar 2008;12:637-45.
202. Guo W, Chen W, Yu W, Huang W, Deng W. Small interfering RNA-based molecular therapy of cancers. Chin J Cancer 2013;32:488.
203. Kanninen KM, Pomeshchik Y, Leinonen H, Malm T, Koistinaho J, et al. Applications of the Keap1-Nrf2 system for gene and cell therapy. Free Radical Bio Med 2015;88:350-61.
204. Duong HQ, You KS, Oh S, Kwak SJ, Seong YS. Silencing of NRF2 Reduces the Expression of ALDH1A1 and ALDH3A1 and Sensitizes to 5-FU in Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Antioxidants 2017;6:52.
205. Esmaeili MA. Combination of siRNA-directed gene silencing with epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) reverses drug resistance in human breast cancer cells. J Chem Bio 2016;9:41-52.
206. Curtin NJ. DNA repair dysregulation from cancer driver to therapeutic target. Nat Rev Cancer 2012;12:801-17.
207. Gorrini C, Baniasadi PS, Harris IS, Silvester J, Inoue S, et al. BRCA1 interacts with Nrf2 to regulate antioxidant signaling and cell survival. J Exp Med 2013;210:1529-44.
208. Kang HJ, Hong YB, Kim HJ, Rodriguez OC, Nath RG, et al. Detoxification: a novel function of BRCA1 in tumor suppression? Toxicol Sci 2011;122:26-37.
209. Gorrini C, Gang BP, Bassi C, Wakeham A, Baniasadi SP, et al. Estrogen controls the survival of BRCA1-deficient cells via a PI3K-NRF2-regulated pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014;111:4472-7.
210. Lee EY, Abbondante S. Tissue-specific tumor suppression by BRCA1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014;111:4353-4.
211. Wu T, Wang XJ, Tian W, Jaramillo MC, Lau A, et al. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 modulates Nrf2-dependent transcription. Free Radic Biol Med 2014;67:69-80.
212. Khalil HS, Deeni Y. NRF2 inhibition causes repression of ATM and ATR expression leading to aberrant DNA Damage Response. BioDiscovery 2015;15:1.
213. Wang Q, Li J, Yang X, Sun H, Gao S, et al. Nrf2 is associated with the regulation of basal transcription activity of the BRCA1 gene. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2013;45:179-87.
214. Jayakumar S, Pal D, Sandur SK. Nrf2 facilitates repair of radiation induced DNA damage through homologous recombination repair pathway in a ROS independent manner in cancer cells. Mutat Res 2015;779:33-45.
215. Rojo de la Vega M, Dodson M, Chapman E, Zhang DD. NRF2-targeted therapeutics: New targets and modes of NRF2 regulation. Curr Opin Toxicol 2016;1:62-70.
216. Bhullar KS, Lagaron NO, McGowan EM, Parmar I, Jha A, et al. Kinase-targeted cancer therapies: progress, challenges and future directions. Mol Cancer 2018;17:48.
217. Fabbro D, Ruetz S, Buchdunger E, Cowan-Jacob SW, Fendrich G, et al. Protein kinases as targets for anticancer agents: from inhibitors to useful drugs. Pharmacol Ther 2002;93:79-98.
218. Mirshafiey A, Ghalamfarsa G, Asghari B, Azizi G. Receptor Tyrosine Kinase and Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: New Hope for Success in Multiple Sclerosis Therapy. Innov Clin Neurosci 2014;11:23-36.
219. Voldborg BR, Damstrup L, Spang-Thomsen M, Poulsen HS. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and EGFR mutations, function and possible role in clinical trials. Ann Oncol 1997;8:1197-206.
220. Yarden Y, Sliwkowski MX. Untangling the ErbB signalling network. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2001;2:127-37.
221. Tzahar E, Yarden Y. The ErbB-2/HER2 oncogenic receptor of adenocarcinomas: from orphanhood to multiple stromal ligands. Biochim Biophys Acta 1998;1377:M25-37.
222. Hackel PO, Zwick E, Prenzel N, Ullrich A. Epidermal growth factor receptors: critical mediators of multiple receptor pathways. Curr Opin Cell Biol 1999;11:184-9.
223. Bange J, Zwick E, Ullrich A. Molecular targets for breast cancer therapy and prevention. Nat Med 2001;7:548-52.
224. Khalil HS, Langdon SP, Kankia IH, Bown J, Deeni YY. NRF2 Regulates HER2 and HER3 Signaling Pathway to Modulate Sensitivity to Targeted Immunotherapies. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2016;2016:4148791.
225. Warfel NA, Sainz AG, Song JH, Kraft AS. PIM Kinase Inhibitors Kill Hypoxic Tumor Cells by Reducing Nrf2 Signaling and Increasing Reactive Oxygen Species. Mol Cancer Ther 2016;15:1637-47.
226. Duong HQ, Yi YW, Kang HJ, Hong YB, Tang W, et al. Inhibition of NRF2 by PIK-75 augments sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine. Int J Oncol 2014;44:959-69.
227. Yu R, Lei W, Mandlekar S, Weber MJ, Der CJ, et al. Role of a mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in the induction of phase II detoxifying enzymes by chemicals. J Biol Chem 1999;274:27545-52.
228. Yeh CT, Yen GC. Involvement of p38 MAPK and Nrf2 in phenolic acid-induced P-form phenol sulfotransferase expression in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Carcinogenesis 2006;27:1008-17.
229. Kang KA, Lee KH, Park JW, Lee NH, Na HK, et al. Triphlorethol-A induces heme oxygenase-1 via activation of ERK and NF-E2 related factor 2 transcription factor. FEBS Lett 2007;581:2000-8.
230. Zhang H, Liu H, Iles KE, Liu RM, Postlethwait EM, et al. 4-Hydroxynonenal induces rat gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase through mitogen-activated protein kinase-mediated electrophile response element/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 signaling. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2006;34:174-81.
231. Huang H, Wu Y, Fu W, Wang X, Zhou L, et al. Downregulation of Keap1 contributes to poor prognosis and Axitinib resistance of renal cell carcinoma via upregulation of Nrf2 expression. Int J Mol Med 2019;43:2044-54.
232. Ji S, Xiong Y, Zhao X, Liu Y, Yu LQ. Effect of the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway on biological characteristics and sensitivity to sunitinib in renal cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2019;17:5175-86.
233. Ma S, Paiboonrungruan C, Yan T, Williams KP, Major MB, et al. Targeted therapy of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: the NRF2 signaling pathway as target. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018;1434:164-72.
234. Tsuchida K, Tsujita T, Hayashi M, Ojima A, Keleku-Lukwete N, et al. Halofuginone enhances the chemo-sensitivity of cancer cells by suppressing NRF2 accumulation. Free Radic Biol Med 2017;103:236-47.
235. Choi EJ, Jung BJ, Lee SH, Yoo HS, Shin EA, et al. A clinical drug library screen identifies clobetasol propionate as an NRF2 inhibitor with potential therapeutic efficacy in KEAP1 mutant lung cancer. Oncogene 2017;36:5285.
236. Wu T, Harder BG, Wong PK, Lang JE, Zhang DD. Oxidative stress, mammospheres and Nrf2-new implication for breast cancer therapy? Mol Carcinog 2015;54:1494-502.
237. Wang H, Liu K, Geng M, Gao P, Wu X, et al. RXRα Inhibits the NRF2-ARE Signaling Pathway through a Direct Interaction with the Neh7 Domain of NRF2. Cancer Res 2013;73:3097-108.
238. Kang KA, Hyun JW. Oxidative Stress, Nrf2, and Epigenetic Modification Contribute to Anticancer Drug Resistance. Toxicol Res 2017;33:1-5.
239. Zhang H, Shang YP, Chen HY, Li J. Histone deacetylases function as novel potential therapeutic targets for cancer. Hepatol Res 2017;47:149-59.
240. Yu JJ, Wu YX, Zhao FJ, Xia SJ. miR-96 promotes cell proliferation and clonogenicity by down-regulating of FOXO1 in prostate cancer cells. Med Oncol 2014;31:910.
241. Yi TZ, Li J, Han X, Guo J, Qu Q, et al. DNMT inhibitors and HDAC inhibitors regulate E-cadherin and Bcl-2 expression in endometrial carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Chemotherapy 2012;58:19-29.
242. Verma M. Cancer control and prevention: nutrition and epigenetics. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2013;16:376-84.
243. Reichert N, Choukrallah MA, Matthias P. Multiple roles of class I HDACs in proliferation, differentiation, and development. Cell Mol Life Sci 2012;69:2173-87.
244. Zhang C, Su ZY, Khor TO, Shu L, Kong AN. Sulforaphane enhances Nrf2 expression in prostate cancer TRAMP C1 cells through epigenetic regulation. Biochem Pharmacol 2013;85:1398-404.
245. Su ZY, Zhang C, Lee JH, Shu L, Wu TY, et al. Requirement and epigenetics reprogramming of Nrf2 in suppression of tumor promoter TPA-induced mouse skin cell transformation by sulforaphane. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2014;7:319-29.
246. Hu C, Eggler AL, Mesecar AD, van Breemen RB. Modification of keap1 cysteine residues by sulforaphane. Chem Res Toxicol 2011;24:515-21.
247. Kensler TW, Egner PA, Agyeman AS, Visvanathan K, Groopman JD, et al. Keap1-nrf2 signaling: a target for cancer prevention by sulforaphane. Top Curr Chem 2013;329:163-77.
248. Kang KA, Piao MJ, Kim KC, Kang HK, Chang WY, et al. Epigenetic modification of Nrf2 in 5-fluorouracil-resistant colon cancer cells: involvement of TET-dependent DNA demethylation. Cell Death Dis 2014;5:e1183.
249. Shilatifard A. Molecular implementation and physiological roles for histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methylation. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2008;20:341-8.
250. Khor TO, Huang Y, Wu TY, Shu L, Lee J, et al. Pharmacodynamics of curcumin as DNA hypomethylation agent in restoring the expression of Nrf2 via promoter CpGs demethylation. Biochem Pharmacol 2011;82:1073-8.
251. Paredes-Gonzalez X, Fuentes F, Su ZY, Kong AN. Apigenin reactivates Nrf2 anti-oxidative stress signaling in mouse skin epidermal JB6 P + cells through epigenetics modifications. AAPS J 2014;16:727-35.
252. Wang L, Zhang C, Guo Y, Su ZY, Yang Y, et al. Blocking of JB6 cell transformation by tanshinone IIA: epigenetic reactivation of Nrf2 antioxidative stress pathway. AAPS J 2014;16:1214-25.
253. Wu TY, Khor TO, Su ZY, Saw CL, Shu L, et al. Epigenetic modifications of Nrf2 by 3,3’-diindolylmethane in vitro in TRAMP C1 cell line and in vivo TRAMP prostate tumors. AAPS J 2013;15:864-74.
254. Lee OH, Jain AK, Papusha V, Jaiswal AK. An auto-regulatory loop between stress sensors INrf2 and Nrf2 controls their cellular abundance. J Biol Chem 2007;282:36412-20.
255. Xu C, Yuan X, Pan Z, Shen G, Kim JH, et al. Mechanism of action of isothiocyanates: the induction of ARE-regulated genes is associated with activation of ERK and JNK and the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Nrf2. Mol Cancer Ther 2006;5:1918-26.
256. Owuor ED, Kong AN. Antioxidants and oxidants regulated signal transduction pathways. Biochem Pharmacol 2002;64:765-70.
257. Jain A, Lamark T, Sjøttem E, Bowitz Larsen K, Atesoh Awuh J, et al. p62/SQSTM1 Is a Target Gene for Transcription Factor NRF2 and Creates a Positive Feedback Loop by Inducing Antioxidant Response Element-driven Gene Transcription. J Biol Chem 2010;285:22576-91.
258. Papp D, Lenti K, Módos D, Fazekas D, Dúl Z, et al. The NRF2-related interactome and regulome contain multifunctional proteins and fine-tuned autoregulatory loops. FEBS Lett 2012;586:1795-802.
