fig2

Figure 2. Schematic overview of the signaling through EGFR and other receptor tyrosine kinases (e.g., cMET) underlying the connections within these pathways, and the main mechanisms of resistance (in red). EGFR: epidermal growth factor receptor; HGF: hepatocyte growth factor; EGF: epidermal growth factor; GAB1/GRB2: associated binding protein; GRB2: growth factor receptor bound protein 2; JAK: janus kinase; STAT: signal transducer and activator of transcription; PI3K: phospho-inositide3 kinase; Akt: -protein kinase B; mTOR: mammalian target of rapamycin; 4E-BP-1: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E)-binding protein 1; S6K: ribosomal protein S6 kinase; PLCγ: phospholipase gamma; PIP2: phosphatidylinositol-4,5-biphosphate; IP3: inositol trisphosphate; Ras: Ras oncogene; Raf: Raf proto-oncogene; MEK: mitogen activated protein kinase; ERK: extracellular signal-regulated kinase